World War II Neutrality Essay Example For Students

World War II Neutrality Essay 2/22/04 US History IIThe statement The American people were overwhelmingly anti-Nazi andanti-Hitlerbut they were desperately trying to stay out of the warisnt veryvalid because it was very clear the United States was helping England alot. TheUnited States favored England verbally and physically, it was displayed intheQuarantine Speech and the Lend Lease program. Verbally the United States clearly showed that they were not neutral. TheQuarantine Speech by FDR stated we must quarantine the aggressor nation.Germany knew that the United States was referring to them which made theUnited States not to popular with Hitler. In 1940 the United States had adraft. Thepeople were not happy at all, there was no point in drafting people if wewere notat war. We will write a custom essay on World War II Neutrality specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now Physically the United Sates had a lot of acts and programs to aidBritain. The Cash and Carry program stated if any body wants to buy weapons from us,they have to bring their ships to pick them up. That helps us from losingour shipsin trades. FDR thought up an idea called destroyers for bases. What it doesis wegive Britain our old destroyers that we dont use and they give us basesthey arentusing in the Caribbean. Thats a great idea but again it shows clearly werenotbeing neutral. FDR came up with the Lend Lease program, and with this weloaned Britain anything they needed. FDR made a speech saying if yourneighbors house was on fire, you would lend them your hose. Thats whatwewere doing with Britain. If we did not aid Britain, and Hitler took overall ofEurope, we would have had military bases in IcelandThe United States claimed neutrality in the beginning of World WarII, butas you can see clearly they were not neutral at all. Thats why thestatement TheAmerican people were overwhelmingly anti-Nazi and anti-Hitlerbut theyweredesperately trying to stay out of th e war isnt very valid.

Article Review

Article Review ; Journal of Managerial Issues- Summer, 2002 Authors Names: James P. Burton Thomas W. Lee Brooks C. Holtom Research Design: A survey research deign was employed to study the performance of customer service employees with respect to their commitment to the organizations output. The surveys were carried out on the employees in one department of a big national retailer. Variables involved: The independent variables included the ability to attend work and the motivation to attend work, which were used to determine the attendance of the employees. The dependent variable was the attendance of the employees because it depended on the ability of the employees to attend or if they are motivated to do so. Relationship proposed: The relations were based on Steers and Rhodes model that proposes that attendance is predicted by motivation to attend while ability to attend has an indirect effect on attendance. Conclusion: The results of this study portrays that an employees ability work coupled with lack of motivation to attend work notably leads to his or her absenteeism. This kind of absenteeism is attributed to several family issues. On the other hand, a motivated employee may fail to attend due to such issues as illnesses and sickness. This study also supports the view that absenteeism is a multidimensional concept that should not jus be viewed in one orientation of either ability or motivation (Burton, Thomas, and Brooks, 2002). It is recommended that future researches should involve both specific and overall dimensions of absenteeism. Critique: This study has several implications on management of firms since it helps to monitor the reasons for absenteeism of employees. This study was however limited by the failure of the items for measuring ability to form the underlying construct making it impossible to determine the exact measure of attendance influenced by ability. The use of predictive design of determining the results was the strength of this article presenting the attitudes of the employees about commitment and absenteeism long before they try to do so.

America Has Seen A Great Amount Of Social Change During The Past Few D

America Has Seen A Great Amount Of Social Change During The Past Few D Essay ecades. From they way we eat to the way we treat our criminals to the safety of our children at school, things have definitely changed. The rash of recent school shootings is a sure sign of the breakdown in parenting and a lack of family values being taught to our children. The highly processed foods that we are eating have led to a nation, which is severely overweight and ill. The Criminal Justice system in this country is a joke; it has been shown to be biased against minorities and the poor. A guilty rich man is known as a free man, while a poor murderer is destined for years on death row. In the Kip Kinkel article we are given a view of Kips life as told by his friends and classmates. A symbolic interactionist would say that this violence is caused by a break down in the childs social structures, organizations, and culture. The main social structure to decline is that of the family. Twenty to thirty years ago the family was much stronger. There were less single parent homes and the divorce rate was lower. Since these changes have taken place, families have demised and some children have become unruly. A Structural functionalist would say that the fast food we eat serves two purposes. The first purpose, which is the manifest function, is food which is served almost as fast as it is ordered. This would be a good function of fast food, since it has been labeled fast food. The second function, or latent function of fast food, is the battle of the bulge, which many Americans are fighting due to their dependency on fast, over processed food. The food industry is interrelated with corporate America and also with poor Americans. Corporate America generally gives its workers thirty minutes to an hour to eat lunch. To get out get a bite to eat and get back to work in this time; one needs to go to a fast food restaurant. In these same restaurants you will find workers who are paid very little and who do not have many benefits if any, since only the managers are full time employees. The criminal justice system is a hot bed for conflict theorist. Conflict theory is based on the idea that all society has inequality, and theses inequalities lead to societal strain. Minorities and the poor are disproportionately imprisoned in this country. The rich are able to afford competent defense attorneys, while the poor are given low paid public defenders. These defenders are usually friends of the judges and wish for the cases to be rushed through the system. The inequalities in education, housing, and wages have led some to resort to crime. We all aspire to obtain the American Dream. But due to the class system the rich are getting very rich, while the poor are wallowing in an even worse state. It does not feel good knowing that the legal lynching of minorities and foreigners still take place today. By acquitting police of murder because they were afraid of a man and his wallet, we send a message to the country saying it is okay to kill a Black man as long as you feel unsafe. While, on the other end of the spectrum a Black man defending himself from a police officer is sent to death row for his murder. Being a Black man in this country I think a bout the social changes which affect me on a day to day basis. I am a conflict theorist to the core. Without equality we will continue to live in a broken nation. The countrys dependency on fast food also needs to change and it needs to do so just as fast as they produce the food. Many Americans have put on extra pounds because of eating fast foods and processed foods. READ: A History of Theatrical Illumination EssayThe social fabric of our nation has undergone a radical change. Some changes such, as the Internet and communication tools are good. While, the changes I have discussed in this paper are definitely not good.

Discrimination, or Not Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Discrimination, or Not - Assignment Example Soon after, she filed charge against Hosanna-Tabor with the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission (EEOC) appealing against the discrimination of employment along with violation of the Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) (Supreme Court of the United States, 2011). In this regard, it is justifiable for Perich to file legal case as she was being called and selected as a ‘commissioned minister’ in Hosanna-Tabor. Moreover, rescinding Perich’s call and sending termination letter on the ground of â€Å"threating to take legal action† due to the discrimination can also be considered as a major factor, which can lead Perich to take adequate lawful steps against Hosanna-Tabor (Cornell University Law School, 2012). With reference to the scenario of the case, the suit made by Perich was barred with respect to the legal policies of the First Amendment as it defines that â€Å"Congress shall make no law respecting an establishment of religion, or prohibiting the free exercise thereof; or abridging the freedom of speech, or of the press; or the right of the people peaceably to assemble, and to petition the Government for a redress of grievances† (Cornell University Law School, n.d.). In this context, the district court has barred the allegation of Perich against Hosanna-Tabor. Moreover, the Establishments and Free Exercise Clauses underneath the First Amendments also confer the ability of the church to choose its own ministers from the perspective of disputes associated with the church’s possessions. Correspondingly, Hosanna-Tabor can also bring in relevant legal claims against EEOC in the ground of the provisions considered by the constitutional law (Pew Research Center, 2014). With reference to the case scenario, it has been recognized that the rescinding of call along with terminating Perich on the ground of ‘threatening to take legal action’ duly ascertain an unjustifiable decision of Hosanna-Tabor. The decision of the school in this

Case Application Volunteers Work and Employee First Study

Application Volunteers Work and Employee First - Case Study Example It is also beneficial for employers in a way of reduced burden on wages. It also shows volunteers determination for work that he/she is not working merely for money but for enjoyment and developing skills. Volunteering can be used as a stepping stone in getting a really good job, for it enables one to gain experience, develop skills and gives employers a chance in seeing your work. The part time nature of volunteering work makes it flexible and more attractive to students who can use their leisure time in developing unique skills. If I were at his position I would be more concerned with creating a learning positive environment, so as to attract the best work force. In order to motivate them I would be thinking about giving them rewards and recognition for volunteers efforts and making them learn skills which otherwise they cannot. I think this approach can work in service oriented companies like Apple, Google, Facebook, Twitter and Yahoo because all these companies have a really productive and learning environment and people actually die for working in these big companies. Similarly, tech savvy people would be attracted to them to earn a name and respect amongst the leaders. HCL technologies is trying a radical experiment in work place. Vineet Nayaar (CEO) believes in creating an atmosphere where the job of company’s leaders should be to take out the potential out of their employees and using it where it is best needed and for that Nayar has introduced the employee first culture. This type of culture was originally introduced in HCL. My impression of employee first culture is to create trust grow through transparency, to make managers as accountable to employees as employees are to their bosses, to transfer the responsibility for change and value creation to front-line employees working in the value zone. It can work in other organizations but this is not for every organization. As it bears certain costs and those are: A company

What Is the Principle-Agent Relationship Essay Example for Free

What Is the Principle-Agent Relationship Essay A great majority of social and economic relationships are of the principle agent type. The principle-agent problem is a game-theoretic situation where; there is a player (the principal) and one more other players (the agents). This is the problem of how the principle can motivate the agent to act for the principles benefit rather than follow self interest. â€Å"The problem is how to devise incentives which lead to report truthfully to the principle on the facts they face and the actions they take, and act for the principles benefit. Incentives include rewards such as bonuses or promotion for success, and penalties such as demotion or dismissal for failure to act in the principles interest. † (Black, J. 2003). The actions however, may not always be apparent so it is not usually adequate for the principle to state payment on the actions of the agents. The reasons why we expect the public sector to be inefficient has to do with the incentives and restrictions of the individual and organisational levels. There are at least two important reasons why perfect contingency markets have not developed as stated by Broadway Wildasin (1984). The first reason is that the transaction costs of establishing such markets might be high relative to the number of traders. The other reason is the observable fact of asymmetric information, also known as the principal agent problem. Two particularly significant consequences of this reliance are â€Å"moral hazard† and â€Å"adverse selection†. Daniel W. Bromley (1989), states that the principal must rely on indicators of success rather than success itself (adverse selection), while the agent directs attention toward the satisfaction of proxy measures rather than toward the success of the task itself. (moral hazard). The â€Å"hazard† in moral hazard refers to the fact that the individual has an incentive to direct behaviour toward proxy measures rather than toward the desired goal. This redirection can result in creating incentives for perverse behaviour. The â€Å"adverse† in adverse selection refers to the fact that the establishment of monitoring criteria leads to perverse measurement. Individuals who wish to take out insurance possess information that insurers don’t. The insured persons (the agents) can exploit this informational advantage in dealing with insurers (the principles) in various ways (Broadway Wildasin, 1984). Moral hazard occurs when the insured can, through actions unobservable to the insurer, influence wither the probability of a loss occurring, or the magnitude of the loss. For example, a person can influence the probability of an accident by the degree of preventive action taken. If the quantity of preventive action is not observable to the insured, market failure can result. Alternatively the standard example of how the insured influences the size of the loss is medical insurance. In the event that illness occurs, the insured can overuse medical services. Adverse selection occurs when there are several different types of insured persons, distinguishing from one another by the probabilities of a bad state of nature occurring. Thus, for some persons might be high risk and others low risk, and the insurers cannot tell one from the other. Automobile insurers cannot tell careful from careless drivers except imperfectly through such indicators as sex, and family status. Equilibrium may not exist in the presence of adverse selection and even if it does it may not be efficient. A problem related to adverse selection is the simple lack of information by market participants. The diversification of the Pareto-Optimality of competitive markets assumed that individuals and firms have complete knowledge regarding the availability and attributes of all goods and factors. Such will not always be the case. Consumers may not know the implications of various products for their health or safety, nor will they have full information on the relative merits of various competing consumer items. Firms do not always know the quality of the labour force they are hiring. The provision of information has the attributes of a public good, especially the joint consumption property. Thus, information on product safety and health hazards is often publicly provided. (e. g the Food and Drug Administration). Similarly the education system provides, in addition to its training role, an informational function known as screening. That is by attaching levels of achievement to persons coming out of the education system (e. g. egrees, diplomas, grades), information is being provided to prospective employers regarding the potential productivity of the person. Presumably, the practice of licensing various professions or trades plays a similar screening role, however imperfect it is. The dissemination of information can, for our purposes, be considered as a particular type of public good. Due to the non existence of perfect contingency markets, Pareto optimality does not exist in the real world, and this may influence government behaviour. According to Brown Jackson (1990), inefficiency in the public sector arises when there is an asymmetry of information between those who demand services and those who supply them. This problem is predominantly evident in education and healthcare due to imperfect information. For instance, a patient (the principle) seeks information and advice from her GP or consultant (the agent) concerning her medical condition (i. e. health status). The doctor has specialist technical knowledge and subsequently in providing information to the patient the doctor also advises them on what should be done next. Therefore, because the doctor has the technical skills to make decisions in the patient’s best interests; in most cases they make the decisions for the patients. Had the patient been fully informed and competent enough to assess the technical options, the doctor wouldn’t have to stand in place of the patient as they would have been able to make their own decisions. The public sector consists of professional groups such as doctors, lawyers, teachers, planners etc. Each of these professions holds their own norms and standards that have a hold upon the level and quality of their services. If a lawyer puts professional standards above the interests of the client then this will result in allocative efficiency as they are acting in their own interests as agents rather than those of the principal. Another example of principal and agent is that between voters and elected politicians. â€Å"The rationale for the existence of a representative democracy is that politicians, because of their specialization, are better informed than the general voting public and stand as agents of the voters. † (Brown Jackson, 1990. p. 204). If politicians get the wrong idea about the preferences of the principles then there will be allocative inefficiency once again. In some cases, the suppliers of public services are not exploiting the customers/voters for profit but rather that in serving their own interests â€Å"they may tend to over produce or to produce a quality of service in excess of what tax payers would be prepared to pay if they were better informed. † (Brown Jackson, 1990. p. 204) Due to budget constraints, public firms do not have the financial capabilities to provide powerful incentives unlike private firms. Bonuses are not awarded for good performance nor can individuals be fired for misperfomance. Subsequently, public agencies are systematically less efficient as individuals are less complacent to be efficient or to provide the best services to their customers. Even if they do have any incentive, more often their aim directed at political goals rather than the objectives. Bureaucrats for instance, as explained by Stiglitz (2000) may not receive ample pay checks or considerable dividends from increased efficiency, but they often seem to enjoy the power and prestige associated with being in charge of a larger organization. They attempt to maximize the size of their bureaucracy by reducing efficiency. The only thing that stops them from doing this is competition between bureaucracies. W. A Niskanen, implies that the increasing centralization of government bureaucracies has reduced competition, in doing so bureaucrats can pursue their interests at the expense of efficiency and the public interest. This is an example of the principle-agent problem. â€Å"Here, the problem is, how do the citizens (the â€Å"principles†) get their employees, public servants (the â€Å"agents†), to act in their interests? † (Stiglitz, 2000 p. 202) Revise.

The Matrix Essay -- essays research papers

The Matrix In 1999 directors/writers Larry and Andy Wachowski (Bound) made a dark and often disturbing Science Fiction film, The Matrix. With the production expertise of Joel Silver (Commando, Predator, Lethal Weapon series, and Die Hard series), Andrew Mason (The Crow, Dark City) and Barrie M. Osborne (Face/Off, The Fan, Child's Play), The Matrix is sure to be a favorite among Science Fiction movie fans for years to come. The Matrix won the Oscar award in all four categories it was nominated for; Best Sound, Best Sound Affects Editing, Best Visual Effects, and Best Film Editing. More DVD’s of The Matrix were sold then the movie â€Å"The Titanic†. The hard work of choreographer Yuen Wo Ping (Iron Monkey, Fists of Legends) make the fight scenes very much in the Hong Kong style of film-making, including the part where one of the fighters taunts the other, by daring them to be aggressive. The music featuring artists like Rob Zombie, Ministry, Deftones, and Monster Magnet, complement s the mood of the movie remarkably well. The Matrix is filled with the spectacular visual effects of a science fiction masterpiece, and at the same time has the killer fight scenes that are included in a true action movie. â€Å"Have you ever had a dream Neo, that you were so sure was real†¦what if you were unable to awaken from that dream? How would you know the difference from the dream world and the real world?† is one of many powerful quotes spouted out by the mysterious Morpheus (Laurence Fishburne) throughout The Matrix. This particular quote however, is important to the audience because it serves as a life preserver to those who might get lost in the movie’s rather complex plot. It helps establish a common ground with each and every viewer alike in that everybody has had an experience where they couldn’t tell if they were dreaming or not. In this apocalyptic science fiction action movie, Thomas Anderson (Keanu Reeves) is a mild mannered young man, who works as a systems programmer for a respectable software company. In his spare time Anderson assumes the role of Neo, a computer hacker who is guilty of every computer crime for which there exists a law against. Throughout his Anderson has had strange dreams of unreality, but hasn't been able to figure out their true meaning. He believes the only way to find the answer is to consult an all-powerful computer hacker (the fore mentioned ... ...e seen in a human being, as he dodges all of the bullets fired at him except one. The visual effect used to show Neo dodging the bullets in slow motion creates a sort of break dancing look that is astonishing. References to this film have appeared in movies as diverse as Battlefield Earth, Charlie's Angels, Deuce Bigalow: Male Gigolo, Kung Pow: Enter the Fist, Osmosis Jones, Scary Move, Shrek, and Swordfish; as well as a few commercials and television shows. The Matrix's popularity has even transferred itself to the computer desktop in the form of screensavers, desktop themes, and wallpaper. The movie ends with the destruction of the agents by our hero Neo. He finally realizes that he is truly the chosen one. He actually begins to see the matrix for what it really is, and uses his own powers to defeat the agents. I feel that I may have spoiled much of the movie for you in my description, but I will have you know that the rest is quite worth your while. Hearing about this movie is not enough. As stated by the mysterious Morpheus towards the beginning of the movie, â€Å"One cannot be told what the matrix is, he must see it himself.† This movie is definitely worth taking the time to see.

New Grading System and Academic Performance

The study aims to create understanding of the relationship between the New Grading System to Students Academic Performance. The study will addressed whether the New grading System affects the Academic Performance of the Student. It will show how the New Grading System trigger the Students to study harder. This may change their study habits. And this study may show if the students with the New Grading System levels up the standard of their performance to become a board passer even a top otcher. The Respondent of the study will be centered from student of Nursing & Health Science Department of Naga College Foundation who undergo with the new and old grading system. Other data will come to the past and present records of academic performance of the students. This part of the study is important data needed to fulfill the objectives of this study which will be only be supplied with the Nursing Students who undergo with the said grading systems. Grading system enable student achievement to be recognized formally and communicated meaningfully beyond the institution while maintaining an atmosphere in which a spirit of inquiry, personal challenge, and commitment to excellence can flourish. Academic performance generally refers to how well a student is accomplishing his or her tasks and studies. It will be a tool to determine whether the student performs well in the academicaly. As a sample; almost one half of the class of Nursing Student, level three, Block B failed in major subjects since New Grading System was implemented. This study will show how the different factors might bring them failed, if it is because of the new grading system or its just in their study habit. The overall purpose of the study is to determine the effectiveness of having new grading system with the academic performance of Nursing Student of Naga College foundation. The study will also elaborate the effect of new grading system with the student, how they cope to it, do they have to study harder and go to the point to change their study habits where in they have to spent additional time for it.

AP English III

In this mock press release from The Onion, the author satirizes the way products are marketed to consumers. He seems to think that the methods used by advertisers are exaggerated and manipulative. The author shows his contempt for marketing techniques by using Irony, diction, and hyperboles. The use of Irony Is evident In this mock press release. The author uses this Irony to point out logical flaws sometimes seen In advertisements. For instance, a woman claims that â€Å"after wearing MagnaSoles for seven weeks, [she's] noticed a significant decrease in pain† (lines 59-60).Customer testimonials are often used as an advertising technique. However, this particular one is showing irony because the injury of a sprained ankle could clearly be healed by time in seven weeks†not necessarily because of some miracle product. The audience recognizes this irony and finds it humorous. Another irony that the author is showing is the description of an â€Å"intelligent-looking man in a white lab coat† (lines 67-68). This is ironic because he is not necessarily intelligent, he merely appears to be intelligent.This parodies the advertising technique of using actors to sell products, as opposed to actual certified pecialists. All of these examples of Irony clearly show misleading tactics of marketers. The authors use of comical dlctlon emphasizes the audacious tone that real advertisements use to sell their products. However, this author flouts that bold tone by use of sarcastic and exaggerated word choice. For example, he mocks the scientific words typically used by using made up words. He creates terms like â€Å"pain nuclei,† â€Å"kilofrankels,† and â€Å"comfortrons. By inserting this satirical diction, the author is creating a connection to scientific vocabulary typically used in advertising. Consumers are often misled by vocabulary that they are unfamiliar with, and this author is satirically proving that. Specifically, he uses the term â€Å"pseudoscience† which sounds, to an uninformed ear, like a legitimate field of study. However, a clever reader will understand that â€Å"pseudff' means fake, and therefore the very term means â€Å"fake science† (not legitimate). By using such exaggerated diction, the author proves his satirical point that people will believe anything that sounds scientific.The author of this mock press release also uses hyperbole to mock real advertisements by ointing out their exaggerations. The article contains a quote by the product's creator that claims it is â€Å"not just a shoe insert†it's a total foot rejuvenation system† (line 16-17). This is an exaggeration of what typical advertisements say about their product. All advertisers want to sell their product as a â€Å"cure-all. † Through hyperbole, this article is mocking this convention. In addition, the article claims that â€Å"if the frequency of one's foot is out of alignment with the Earth, th e entire body will suffer† (lines 43-45).This is clearly a fantasy fact because we know that your entire ody is not necessarily Impacted by the biomagnetic connection of your foot to the ground. The author's hyperbole serves to further prove that advertisements often use bombastic exaggeration. The satirical devices used by the author poke fun at real advertising techniques. Through scientific-sounding diction, strong, humorous hyperbole, and ludicrous Irony, the author effectively makes his point that marketing techniques are deceptive and somewhat shady. techniques by using irony, diction, and hyperboles. The use of irony is evident in this mock press release.The author uses this irony o point out logical flaws sometimes seen in advertisements. For instance, a woman specialists. All of these examples of irony clearly show misleading tactics of marketers. The author's use of comical diction emphasizes the audacious tone that reader will understand that â€Å"pseudo' means fa ke, and therefore the very term means that claims it is â€Å"not Just a shoe insert†it's a total foot rejuvenation system† (line body is not necessarily impacted by the biomagnetic connection of your foot to the hyperbole, and ludicrous irony, the author effectively makes his point that marketing

Womens roles in American society

Womens roles in American society have been changing since America was founded, but some of the most profound changes have taken place between the 1950s and present day. The films Mildred Pierce, Pleasantville, and Breakfast at Tiffanys all deal with these changes that women have made. In the 50s, women were supposed to be housewives and werent expected to work outside of the house. Many women were also thought of as property of men in the 50s and had very little individuality because of this. As the years past, women attempted to break this mold and women have changed countless amounts since the 1950s. The women of today and the women of the 50s have many similarities, but the women of the 50s struggled to define women and built todays women from scratch. The early 1950s in America had a strange idea for women, the film Mildred Pierce deals with these ideas. Mildred is a housewife, who wants to become independent and make something of her life. She leaves her husband to pursue a career of her own. Mildred finds that Americans in that time dont have much respect for an independent woman. Mildred has a business idea and gets two men to fund her idea. Her business is very successful, but she is funded, Mildred isnt really independent. The film portrays Mildred this way to show the attitude of Americans in the 1950s. Mildreds business becomes very wealthy, but her investors, who are men, sell her out and she loses everything. The film had a very negative attitude towards women and tries to portray them as nothing but housewives. After Mildreds business is sold, she is bankrupt and isnt sure what to do. Mildreds desire is crushed and she considers returning to her husband and living with Americas role for women! . Mildred Pierce is the beginning of womens changing ro

Environmental Problems Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Environmental Problems - Essay Example The main reason behind this problem is the lack of knowledge about pesticides and there never used to be any effective regulations or administrative measures. The peasants are unaware as to which pesticide is suitable for their crops or exactly how to use it. There are also some inappropriate practices of pesticides application that result in harmful residues on the crops. For example, when pests are not controlled by the pesticide at the recommended dosage, farmers arbitrarily increase the amount applied. Similar increased applications are made to counter rain after the dosage of pesticide. Cross-pollution of different Farmers' pesticide applications in adjacent fields also increase the actual amount of pesticide applied to an area. Often, the farmers also use pesticides shortly before harvesting the rice if the pest problems are very serious again leading to undesirable residue levels. (Adeel, 2003, p. 45) The inappropriate use of pesticides has led to a number of problems like air, soil and water pollution. In this context, governmental institutions and other organizations have done a lot of work at national, provincial, and municipal levels to solve these problems. Non-governmental organizations (NGOs) have also been established to facilitate collaboration between ministries, institutes, and industries. Specific legislation leading to regulations and rules has been enacted to establish standards for production, marketing, and use of pesticides. Similarly, many technical standards and practical methods were set up to stipulate the quality, evaluation, maximum residue limits, and detection of pesticides. This has been matched by an information system to disseminate technical information for new crop varieties, feedback of application conditions, and pollution data. (Adeel, 2003, p. 45) Following are two major root causes: Limited Development of Pesticide Industry The pesticide manufacturing industry in most of the East Asian countries were never well developed. China is an example of such Industry, yielding 60% of rice. The capabilities of production units and the types of pesticides produced are limited. Distribution of locally produced pesticides is also uneven. There are few factories, which are equipped to make chemical and biological pesticides. Low-efficiency pesticides, including some non-prohibited chloropesticides, are used on a large scale. Cost effectiveness might be one reason of using some low efficiency pesticides. This situation has resulted in increasing imports of unfamiliar pesticides that may have the potential for misuse, over dosage, and new environmental problems. Poor control and Lack of monitoring over imported Pesticides Imported pesticides are expensive and requires extensive care and well controlled process to be adopted, however the quality of foreign pesticides are also not always consistent and guaranteed to produce better results every time. On a national scale, pesticides are imported without a coordinated plan, which indirectly affects the plans for production, delivery, and use of domestic pesticides.

How Does McDonald Promotions and advertising affect their sales Coursework

How Does McDonald Promotions and advertising affect their sales - Coursework Example Research context A clear definition and formulation of research context is necessary as it helps in organising research efforts and ensures optimum utilisation of research process. In other words, research context lays down physical setting and environment in which research study will be undertaken. At many instances, research context is also termed and understood in terms of ‘experimental conditions’ or ‘study environment’. The underlying research study will be located and conducted in the context of national business. It is due to reason that McDonald’s is a national business as compared to regional or local business firm. In addition, underlying research study will pursue and operate in a hypothetical study environment or research context. The hypothetical study environment will be utilised to assess, determine, and prove whether advertisement and promotions affect the sales of McDonald’s or not. The assessment of the impact will help in ide ntifying whether formulated hypothesis is profound and acceptable in the present business setting or it is no longer valid and profound in today’s business world (Simchi-levi & Kaminsky 2003). ... The research study will throw light on the role that marketing and its tool can play in enhancing business position and sales potentialities (Mckenzie-Mohr 2000). The significance of research study is evident from both academic and commercial perspective. From academic perspective, the underlying research will facilitate the path of understanding implications and role of marketing. On the other hand, business firms will gain deep insight, understanding and encouragement for implementing marketing in their business philosophies with the help of present research study. Literature review Literature review makes use of secondary sources like books, magazines, journals, research papers and many more to search, gather, test, and evaluate crucial findings and results. This practice of investigating and exploring topic helps in solving research problem and outlining new findings and results. Marketing mix Ruddick (2012) throws light on the marketing mix in order to ascertain impact of promot ion and advertising on McDonald’s sales. The author explains that marketing mix contain four elements viz., product, price, place and promotion. All the components of marketing mix are strive towards improving market positioning and profitability of company. Among the four components, promotion play more significant role as it create direct impact on the customers attitudes and perception. It has been identified that companies paying more attention towards sales promotion and advertising are more likely to emerge as a favourite brand and purchase choice among customers. In this regard, sales promotion and advertising are the most commonly used promotional tools. McDonald’s makes frequent and regular use of these promotional tools in order to gain favourable